Spinal Fusion Surgery (TLIF/ACDF)

Spinal fusion connects two or more vertebrae so that they heal as one solid bone. It is recommended when disc collapse, slippage, or deformity causes persistent pain or neurological symptoms despite comprehensive conservative care. Dr. Sayuj Krishnan tailors each fusion—posterior TLIF, cervical ACDF, lateral or anterior approaches—based on imaging, bone quality, and long-term functional goals.

TLIF (Transforaminal Lumbar Interbody Fusion)

TLIF uses a single-sided posterior corridor to remove the damaged lumbar disc, decompress the nerve root, and place an interbody cage with screws for stability. The technique preserves midline muscles, reduces blood loss, and suits recurrent slip disc, low-grade spondylolisthesis, and foraminal stenosis.

• Benefits: Unilateral approach, minimal muscle disruption, faster mobilisation.
• Ideal candidates: Single-level disease, leg-dominant pain, preserved bone density.
• Hospital stay: 48–72 hours depending on pain control and physiotherapy targets.

ACDF (Anterior Cervical Discectomy & Fusion)

ACDF is performed through a small neck incision to remove a cervical disc that is compressing the spinal cord or exiting nerves. A cage or spacer restores disc height and is secured with a plate. The procedure relieves arm pain and numbness, protects the spinal cord, and stabilises the segment.

• Benefits: Minimal muscle cutting, predictable pain relief, rapid return to light activity.
• Ideal candidates: Cervical radiculopathy or myelopathy confirmed on MRI, failed non-surgical care.
• Collar protocol: Usually 2–4 weeks in a soft collar, guided weaning thereafter.

Other techniques we perform

Posterior lumbar interbody fusion (PLIF), anterior or lateral lumbar interbody fusion (ALIF/LLIF), and hybrid constructs are chosen when multi-level disease, deformity correction, or revision surgery demands broader exposure. Navigation and neuromonitoring are used in complex cases to maximise safety.

Pre-operative optimisation

Recovery timeline

Costs & insurance coordination

Fusion packages depend on implant systems, bone graft options, room preference, and post-operative physiotherapy needs. Our coordination desk handles TPA submissions, provides detailed written estimates with inclusions/exclusions, and helps you plan for reimbursable consumables. Corporate and cashless insurance patients receive dedicated documentation assistance.

Frequently asked questions

How long does a fusion last?

Fusion is intended to be lifelong. Implants provide stability while the bone knits. Routine follow-up ensures adjacent levels remain healthy.

Will I lose mobility?

The fused segment stops moving, but most patients do not notice day-to-day restriction. Physiotherapy protects neighbouring joints and maintains core flexibility.

Is bone graft taken from my hip?

Many cases use synthetic or donor graft substitutes. When iliac crest graft is recommended, we minimise donor-site discomfort with meticulous technique.

What about minimally invasive fusion?

MISS TLIF or percutaneous screw placement is considered when anatomy and goals allow. Smaller incisions mean less muscle disruption and often faster recovery.